Hydraulic Fracture
In hydraulic proppant fracturing of formation, in contrast of acid fracturing, uses a proppant to hold the fracture open and create a high permeability low path along which fluids flow into the well. In a hydraulic fracturing treatment, a high-viscosity fluid is injected into the well at treating pressures that are higher than the so-called formation breakdown pressure.Fluid injection continues for some time beyond this initial propagation, and when the created fracture is wide enough to accept them, solid particles (sand or some other type of proppant material) are injected simultaneously with the carrying fluid.